Victims of the Wall

All 140 people

Ernst Mundt

1921–1962

Ernst Mundt, a 40-year-old former carpenter living in Prenzlauer Berg, was shot in the head on 4 September 1962 while running along the wall of the Sophien Cemetery towards the sector border at Bernauer Strasse.

Black-and-white photograph of a man in a peaked cap and dark coat behind glass in a steel niche, his name engraved below
Portrait of Ernst Mundt in the Window of Remembrance, Bernauer Strasse Photo: Brewer Bob, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Ernst Mundt was born on 2 December 1921 in Bad Polzin in Eastern Pomerania. A carpenter, he moved from Falkensee to East Berlin in 1950 to find work, and helped build the Friesen Stadium on what was then Dimitroffstrasse, which opened in 1951. Poor health later forced him to give up his trade. He was unmarried, lived on a disability pension in a studio flat in Prenzlauer Berg, and had relatives in the western part of the city.

Once the Wall was built, visits were impossible, and his mother kept in touch by letter and sent him regular parcels of food and necessities. She did not know he was planning to leave, or why. The East German authorities never learned his reasons either; Stasi officers who questioned his neighbours learned only that he was said to have openly criticised the sealing of the border.

The Sophien Parish cemetery lay in East Berlin and bordered Bernauer Strasse, which belonged to the West; border guards patrolled among the graves. On the afternoon of 4 September 1962 Ernst Mundt cycled there, left his bike on Bergstrasse where barbed wire blocked the way, climbed onto the glass-topped cemetery wall and ran along it towards the border. When cemetery visitors and border guards told him to get down, he is said, according to eyewitness accounts, to have replied that he would not come down because he was on duty. He had nearly reached the border when two transport police officers about a hundred metres away at Nordbahnhof saw him. One of them fired a warning shot and an aimed shot in quick succession; Ernst Mundt was hit in the head and killed instantly. His cap flew over to the western side, and witnesses remembered him as the man with the cap.

The shooter was given a bonus and a medal that same day, and the guards were praised for removing him quickly, before the western press could arrive, under an order issued in response to the death of Peter Fechter. His mother's enquiries went unanswered. In early November his younger brother travelled from Krefeld to East Berlin and refused to leave without answers; an East Berlin prosecutor finally told him that his brother had been injured in what he called a border provocation and had died of that injury. The family was told that his grave was an urn site at the Baumschulenweg Cemetery; by then the Stasi had already arranged his cremation and anonymous burial. Thirty years later the man who had fired was called to account and said he had only carried out an order; on 4 July 1994 the Berlin Regional Court convicted him of manslaughter and sentenced him to two years in prison, suspended on probation.

Ernst Mundt was the third fugitive shot dead at the Wall in quick succession, and anger grew in West Berlin. A cross put up at the corner of Bernauer Strasse and Bergstrasse was covered in flowers and wreaths, and half a year later the Wedding district office replaced it with a memorial of logs and barbed wire. A slab inscribed "Dem unbekannten Opfer der Schandmauer † 4.9.1962" (to the unknown victim of the wall of shame) is still set into the pavement of Bernauer Strasse near Bergstrasse, beside an information stele about him.

Old black-and-white print of a wooden cross with a wreath and a name board reading "Ernst Mundt" in front of a brick wall topped with barbed wire
Memorial cross for Ernst Mundt at a wall, from a private photograph Photo: Henning1951, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Large granite boulder on cobbles engraved with a list of names and dates
Memorial stone "Den Opfern der Mauer" at Bernauer Strasse 69-70, listing Ernst Mundt Photo: OTFW, Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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Also died on the sector border between Berlin-Mitte and Berlin-Wedding

Sources

This profile is a summary written for this site from the biography in source 1, which also gives the full account with archival references. Facts taken from other sources are listed below with what they support.

  1. Christine Brecht, “Ernst Mundt”, biography in Chronik der Mauer, Federal Agency for Civic Education, Centre for Contemporary History Potsdam and Deutschlandradio. Accessed 23 September 2026. Read online. The biography from which this profile was written, and the source of the dates and place of death.
  2. German version of the same biography. Accessed 23 September 2026. Read online.
  3. “Ernst Mundt”, Gedenktafeln in Berlin (Aktives Museum Faschismus und Widerstand in Berlin, Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand), entry for Bernauer Strasse (level of Bergstrasse). Accessed 3 October 2026. Read online. Source for: that the old slab is still set into the pavement in front of the information stele about him.
  4. “Gedenkstein für Ernst Mundt”, Orte des Erinnerns, Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur. Accessed 3 October 2026. Read online. Source for: the inscription and place of the pavement slab on Bernauer Strasse, and the information stele beside it.
  5. Hans-Hermann Hertle and Maria Nooke (eds.), The Victims at the Berlin Wall, 1961–1989: A Biographical Handbook. Centre for Contemporary History Potsdam and Berlin Wall Foundation, Berlin 2011. The printed handbook from which the online biography is taken.
  6. Hans-Hermann Hertle and Maria Nooke, “140 Victims at the Berlin Wall, 1961–1989” (list), Centre for Contemporary History Potsdam and Berlin Wall Foundation, August 2017. PDF. Used to cross-check names and dates.
  7. Hans-Hermann Hertle and Maria Nooke, “The Victims at the Berlin Wall, 1961–1989: Findings of a Research Project”, August 2017. PDF. Source of the classification into escapees, people with no intent to escape, and border soldiers.

Corrections

This profile was corrected on 28 September and 3 October 2026. Each round of corrections is described in the corrections log:

  • : All profiles and articles cross-checked against the German originals
    • Removed the interval “third fugitive in three weeks”, which comes from the English version of his biography; the German original says “innerhalb von zwei Wochen” (within two weeks). The profile now says that he was the third fugitive shot dead at the Wall in quick succession.
    • Corrected when the cross was replaced by a memorial: half a year later, not a year later.
    • The pavement slab marking the place is now attributed to his biography, with its inscription quoted in German (“Dem unbekannten Opfer der Schandmauer”, singular).
    • Corrected the shooting: one man fired a warning shot and an aimed shot in quick succession (German: kurz hintereinander).
    • Added who told him to get down from the wall: cemetery visitors and border guards, according to eyewitnesses.
  • : Every profile checked against all the sources
    • Added the verdict: on 4 July 1994 the Berlin Regional Court convicted the guard who fired of manslaughter and sentenced him to two years in prison, suspended on probation.
  • : Independent sources researched for 18 profiles

Further reading

Image credits

Cite this page

“Ernst Mundt”, Victims of the Berlin Wall, Berlin Experiences. https://victimsofthewall.com/victims/mundt-ernst/

Map

The pin position is based on the place of death described in source 1. Base map © OpenStreetMap contributors; course of the Wall in 1989 from Geoportal Berlin (dl-de/zero-2.0). Accessed 23 September 2026.